Kidneys are vital organs that perform the critical function of our body by filtering waste products and removing excess fluids from the blood. However, when they stop working effectively to clear the toxins from the body, a condition known as end-stage kidney disease (ESRD) or kidney failure\u2014dialysis becomes essential. Dialysis is a life-saving treatment that is done in patients with ESRD to sustain life when the kidney fails.<\/p>\n
Dialysis is a medical process that removes waste, toxins, and extra fluid from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to do it effectively. There are two main types of dialysis:<\/p>\n
Haemodialysis:<\/em><\/strong> This is the most common form of dialysis. It involves removing the patient’s blood from the dialysis access (usually AV fistula or dialysis catheter) through a machine (dialyser) that filters it and returns the clean blood back to the body. This is usually done at a dialysis centre, requiring about three times a week, and each session lasts about four hours.<\/p>\n Peritoneal Dialysis: <\/em><\/strong>This method uses the lining of the abdominal cavity (peritoneum) as a natural filter. A special fluid is introduced into the abdomen through a catheter, which absorbs waste and is then drained. This can be done at home, hence making it a more flexible option for some patients.<\/p>\n Dialysis becomes necessary when the kidneys lose about 85\u201390% of their function. Common causes of kidney failure include diabetes, hypertension, glomerular diseases, kidney stone diseases, long-term use of painkillers, and certain autoimmune or genetic conditions. Symptoms that may indicate worsening kidney function include excessive fatigue, swelling of feet and hands, shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting, decreased appetite, confusion, generalised itching, and reduced urine output.<\/p>\n If chronic kidney disease is diagnosed early by screening, before reaching the ESRD stage, patients are usually monitored closely by nephrologists, and efforts are made to slow down kidney damage with medications, diet modifications, and lifestyle changes.<\/p>\n Starting dialysis is a major life change. Patients often have questions, fears, and uncertainties. Will I still be able to work? Can I travel? Will my life ever feel normal again? The answer is yes; with support and good care, many do live full lives.<\/p>\n We as nephrologists have seen patients who do athletic activity, take long family vacations, attend weddings, and continue working\u2014all while on dialysis. It\u2019s not always easy, but it\u2019s possible.<\/p>\n Of course, dialysis also comes with challenges\u2014so many dietary restrictions, fatigue especially after dialysis, and waiting long hours in the clinic and dialysis units. But what stands out the most is the resilience of the patients. They smile through tough days, support each other like family at dialysis units, and find new routines that work for them.<\/p>\n Modern technology has made dialysis safer and more efficient. Portable machines and home-based dialysis options are now available for patients who can meet certain clinical criteria. In some of the cities, nocturnal dialysis is offered, where treatment is done overnight to better fit patients\u2019 lifestyles, and it also improves the quality of life.<\/p>\nWhen Is Dialysis Needed?\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Dialysis\u2014it\u2019s not just a treatment; it\u2019s a journey.\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Dialysis is not a cure, but it greatly improves quality of life and survival.\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n
Advancements in Dialysis Care\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n