{"id":2728,"date":"2020-06-16T10:41:25","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T10:41:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/?p=2728"},"modified":"2025-04-11T11:45:50","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T11:45:50","slug":"how-to-deal-with-traumatic-brain-injury","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/neurology\/how-to-deal-with-traumatic-brain-injury\/","title":{"rendered":"How to deal with Traumatic Brain Injury"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Head injury, known by the medical term Traumatic Brain Injury or TBI, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Causes<\/b><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">While the causes of TBI can be unique on a case-to-case basis, they can all be classified under motor vehicle accidents as a driver or passenger; motor vehicle accidents as a pedestrian; falls from low or high heights; wilful assault leading to head injury; sporting or recreational injuries; domestic violence and child abuse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When trauma occurs as described above, one of the two possibilities arises: A bruise develops directly at the site of the injury, which is called a coup lesion. Another chance is that the head is jolted back violently, causing the brain to knock on the back of the skull, causing a bruise there, which is called a countercoup lesion. In both cases, the outer lining of the brain, as well as some tissues inside, may get damaged, or some blood vessels may rupture, causing bleeding. In some cases, the brain may swell up, creating intense pressure on the brain from\u00a0 intra-cranial fluid, a condition called <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">raised intracranial pressure.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"also-read\"><strong>Also Read:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/neurology\/the-importance-of-brain-health\/\">Importance of Brain Health for Overall Wellness<\/a><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Types of TBI<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Skull fracture<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: a fracture or break in one or more areas of the skull<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Epidural hematoma<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: blood from a ruptured blood vessel fills up in the space between the head and dura, causing pressure on the brain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Acute subdural hematoma<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Here, the blood collects in the space between the dura and the surface of the brain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Chronic subdural hematoma<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Here, the subdural hematoma happens gradually and in multiple episodes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Intraparenchymal hemorrhages:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Bleeding inside the brain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><b>Contusion<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: bruises caused by the brain knocking inside the skull<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"also-read\"><strong>Also Read:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/k-way-health\/neurology\/concussions-can-be-serious-seek-immediate-help\/\">Concussions can be serious, seek immediate help<\/a><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Symptoms<\/b><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on whether the injury is mild or severe, the victim may show one or more of the below symptoms. In such a case, seek emergency help immediately.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Related to the head and face<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deep cut or laceration in the scalp<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Open wound in the head<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Foreign object penetrating the head<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A raised, swollen area from a bump or bruise<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Small, superficial (shallow) cut in the scalp<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Severe headache that does not go away<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blood or clear fluid draining from the ears or nose<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Related to the sense organs<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One pupil of the eye is dilated or looks bigger in diameter than the other eye<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Either pupil of the eye doesn&#8217;t constrict when exposed to light\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sensitivity to noise and light<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blurred vision<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Slurred speech<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Altered sense of smell\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Related to mental health<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Irritability<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Confusion<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Light-headedness and\/or dizziness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Problems with memory and\/or concentration<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of short-term memory<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Related to the rest of the body<\/b><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Problems with balance<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Change in sleep patterns<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fatigue or lethargy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loss of consciousness<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Repeated nausea and vomiting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Difficulty with walking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Weakness in one side or area of the body<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seizures or convulsions<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Coma<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vegetative state (complete loss of mental abilities)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Locked-in syndrome (the person is conscious but cannot speak or move)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Diagnosis<\/b><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The doctor may conduct one or more of the below tests to evaluate the extent of injury to the brain:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/k-way-health\/cardiology\/blood-tests-which-can-diagnose-heart-diseases\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Blood tests<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">X-rays<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Computed tomography or CT scan<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Magnetic resonance imaging or MRI scan<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Electroencephalogram or EEG<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>Treatment &amp; Rehabilitation<\/b><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment options depend on various parameters such as age, state of health, immune status, medical history of the patient, extent and type of head injury, expected course of the\u00a0 impact of the injury, complications and the patient\u2019s response to specific medications, procedures or therapies.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on whether it is a mild or severe head injury, the doctor may resort\u00a0 to one or more of these:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If there is just a bump or no wound on the head, the doctor may apply an ice-pack and advise complete rest.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If there is a wound on the head, he\/she will apply a topical antibiotic ointment and adhesive bandage, along with stitches to close the wound.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depending on how the patient is feeling, the doctor may prescribe pain relief or sedation<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients may need assisted breathing using a breathing machine, mechanical ventilator or respirator.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All the above would\u00a0 be followed by hospitalization for a few days to observe the patient and provide immediate medical attention if required.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the response to these measures are unsatisfactory and the injury is severe, he\/she may require emergency surgery.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>At Kauvery Hospital<\/b><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/Centers-of-Excellence-and-Specialties\/Neurosurgery\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neurosurgery<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Department of Kauvery Hospital routinely deals with head injuries and neurological disorders. Patients from across Tamil Nadu, other states and even abroad visit us to seek treatment for head injuries. Our panel of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/Centers-of-Excellence-and-Specialties\/Neurology-and-Neuroscience-Doctors\/Chennai\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">neurosurgeons<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, general physicians, pathology labs, and healthcare staff handle all neurological health issues successfully, cost-effectively, and efficiently.<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p class=\"caps\">Kauvery Hospital is globally known for its multidisciplinary services at all its Centers of Excellence, and for its comprehensive, Avant-Grade technology, especially in diagnostics and remedial care in heart diseases, transplantation, vascular and neurosciences medicine. Located in the heart of Trichy (Tennur, Royal Road and Alexandria Road (Cantonment), Chennai, Hosur, Salem, Tirunelveli and Bengaluru, the hospital also renders adult and pediatric trauma care.<\/p>\n<p>Chennai \u2013 044 4000 6000 \u2022 Trichy \u2013 Cantonment \u2013 0431 4077777 \u2022 Trichy \u2013 Heartcity \u2013 0431 4077777 \u2022 Trichy \u2013 Tennur \u2013 0431 4022555 \u2022 Maa Kauvery Trichy \u2013 0431 4077777 \u2022 Kauvery Cancer Institute, Trichy \u2013 0431 4077777 \u2022 Hosur \u2013 04344 272727 \u2022 Salem \u2013 0427 2677777 \u2022 Tirunelveli &#8211; 0462 4006000 \u2022 Bengaluru &#8211; 080 6801 6801<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Head injury, known by the medical term Traumatic Brain Injury or TBI, is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide.\u00a0 Causes While the causes of TBI can<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2729,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54,78],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-neurology","category-emergency-and-critical-care"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2728"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2728\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12137,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2728\/revisions\/12137"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.kauveryhospital.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}