The single most important question that one tends to ask the dermatologist is – “Do I need sunscreen and is it good for my skin?”
Using sunscreen helps protect the skin’s appearance and wellness, irrespective of age. Regular use has many significant benefits. These include preventing sunburn, skin cancer and early ageing. The best type of sunscreen is one that you will use again and again. So, always make sure it offers broad spectrum coverage (UVA and UVB) protection and has a minimum of SPF 30 and above. A sunscreen that is water-resistant is ideal. Interestingly, SPF50 offers only marginally better protection from UV radiation compared to SPF30.
The two main types of sunscreens are physical (mineral) and chemical sunscreen; both absorb UV radiation and help prevent skin damage but physical sunscreen can reflect some of the UV rays. Physical sunscreens are much safer than chemical sunscreens. They contain titanium dioxide and/or zinc oxide which form a barrier on the skin and refract the UV radiations from the skin. Hence, it is an ideal choice for children and can be started even from as young as six months of age.
Types of Sunscreens and When to Use
The kind of sunscreen to use is a matter of personal choice; it is always best to apply sunscreen 30 to 45 minutes before sun exposure, apply on all the exposed areas of the body including ears, hands, feet and neck.
Common Side-Effects of Sunscreens
The most common side effects of sunscreen are acne, burning and/or itching of the skin.
Some people develop a rash after applying sunscreen, especially in the exposed areas. Sunscreen tends to reduce vitamin D production, but healthy adults obtain an adequate amount of vitamin D from their diet. Hence, this will give the adequate amount required.
Sometimes, sunscreen can cause darkening of skin, chemical sunscreens especially can do this. Also, certain ingredients such as oxybenzone can cause skin darkening.
Choosing the Ideal Sunscreen
First of all, choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen that protects against both UVA and UVB rays. If you require more protection and do a lot of outdoor activities, use SPF50, otherwise SPF30 is good enough. Do not forget to choose a water-resistant sunscreen if you go swimming. Apply sunscreen once every two hours, especially in hot and humid climates when there is a lot of exposure. In case you want sunscreen for children, a mineral sunscreen is recommended.
It is always better to consult your doctor if you have further queries on choosing the right sunscreen.
Dr. Ashiq Mohamed
Consultant Dermatologist,
Kauvery Hospital, Chennai
